Navigating Your First Two Months of College with Executive Functioning Skills

Written by Bryan McCormick, First Literacy Program Director

Starting college is a big step, especially if you’ve recently earned your high school equivalency or completed an adult basic education program. It’s a big adjustment, as you’re getting used to a new environment, meeting deadlines, and balancing responsibilities, but one that you can make easier with some planning. Fortunately, executive functioning skills can help you manage your time, stay organized, and keep stress in check.

Here’s some practical advice on how to use executive functioning skills to make your transition smoother, your grades higher and your stress lower.

1. Time Management: Make a Weekly Schedule

Managing your time well is crucial in college. Here’s a step-by-step guide to getting started:

• Block Out Class Time: Start by writing down your class schedule. If you’re using a paper planner, color-code your classes. If you prefer digital tools, try Google Calendar or a similar app.
• Plan Study Sessions: For every hour of class, schedule at least one hour of study time. For example, if you have a two-hour class on Monday, plan two hours on Tuesday to review your notes and do assignments. Add these study blocks to your calendar.
• Set Specific Times for Tasks: Break down big assignments into smaller tasks. For instance, if you have a paper due in two weeks, set deadlines for choosing a topic, researching, and writing a draft. Add these mini-deadlines to your schedule.
• Include Breaks and Downtime: Don’t forget to schedule short breaks during study sessions. Use a timer to work for 25 minutes, then take a 5-minute break (this is called the Pomodoro Technique and it’s also used as a study method for those with ADHD). Finally, be sure to plan some downtime each day to recharge … and don’t forget to move your body!

2. Organization: Create a System that Works for You

Staying organized helps you keep track of everything you need to do. Here’s how to get started:

• Use Folders and Binders: Have a separate folder or binder for each class. Keep all your notes, handouts, and assignments in one place. If you prefer digital, create a folder for each class on your computer or cloud storage (like Google Drive).
• Label Everything: Label your folders and notebooks with the class name and semester. If you’re working digitally, make sure your files are clearly named and easy to find.
• Tidy Up Weekly: Set aside 15 minutes at the end of each week to organize your materials. Throw away old papers you don’t need, and make sure everything is in the right place. This will save you time and stress later.

3. Task Initiation: Break Tasks into Small Steps

Getting started on a task, especially a big one, can be hard. Here’s how to make it easier:

• Break It Down: If you need to write a paper, start by outlining your main points. Next, write one paragraph each day. Breaking tasks into smaller steps makes them less overwhelming.
• Set a Timer: Commit to working on a task for just 10-25 minutes. Often, once you start, you’ll find it easier to keep going.
• Use a Checklist: Write down each step of a task and check them off as you go. This gives you a sense of accomplishment and keeps you motivated. Create your own personal check mark that is satisfying to use.

4. Self-Monitoring: Keep Track of Your Progress

Regularly checking your progress helps you stay on track. Here’s how to do it:

• Daily Review: At the end of each day, take five minutes to review what you accomplished. Did you complete the tasks you planned? If not, adjust your schedule for the next day.
• Weekly Check-In: Each week, review your goals and progress. Are you moving closer to your objectives? If not, figure out why and make changes. For example, if you’re struggling with time management, you might need to adjust your study schedule or seek help.
• Use a Habit Tracker: Consider using a habit tracker app or a simple checklist to monitor daily habits, like studying or attending class. This can help you build consistency and see where you might need to improve.

5. Flexibility: Adapt When Things Change

College life is full of surprises, and being flexible helps you handle them better. Here’s how to stay adaptable:

• Have a Backup Plan: If something unexpected comes up—like a class being canceled or an assignment deadline changing—be ready to adjust. For example, if your study time is disrupted, find another time later in the day to catch up.
• Be Open to New Strategies: If your current study methods aren’t working, try something new. For example, if you’re struggling with reading comprehension, consider summarizing each paragraph in your own words or discussing the material with a classmate.
• Don’t Be Afraid to Ask for Help: If you’re struggling to adapt to changes, reach out for help. Your instructors, academic advisors, and classmates can offer advice and support.

6. Emotional Regulation: Manage Stress Effectively

College can be stressful, but managing your emotions can help you stay focused. Here’s how:

• Practice Deep Breathing: When you’re feeling overwhelmed, take a few minutes to breathe deeply. Inhale for four counts, hold for four counts, and exhale for four counts. This can help calm your mind and body.
• Stay Positive: Focus on what you’re doing well, not just what’s challenging. Celebrate small victories, like finishing a difficult assignment or attending all your classes for the week.
• Seek Support: If stress is affecting your ability to focus, talk to someone you trust. This could be a friend, family member, or counselor. Sometimes just talking about what’s stressing you out can help you feel better.

Set Good Habits from The Start

The first two months of college can be a whirlwind, but applying these practical executive functioning strategies can help you manage your time, stay organized, and reduce stress. Remember, it’s okay to adjust your approach as you learn what works best for you. With these tools, you’ll be better equipped to navigate the challenges of college and achieve your goals.